Histoire

Comme son nom l'indique, et comme les deux autres Venta (Caerwent et Winchester), il il est fort probable que la création, ou l'utilisation d'un site existant réorganisé, de l'agglomération de Venta Icenorum soit elle aussi une conséquence de la conquête romaine.

La première partie de l'histoire connue des Iceni se rattache à l'épopée de Boudicca. Nous avons relaté cet épisode dans des pages spécifiques : 

- Histoire; chap 7.

- Encyclopédie des noms de personnes, lettre B.

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Étymologie

* Rivet & Smith : p. 492 : 

SOURCES. 

- Ptolemy II, 3, II : Ouenta (= VENTA), the polis of the Iceni 

- AI 474₆ (Iter V): ICINOS, var. ICIANOS

- AI 479₁₀ (Iter IX): A VENTA ICINORUM Londinio 

- Ravenna 106₅₄ (= R&C 103): VENTA CENOMUM 

- TP : AD TAUM

On the possibility that a mention in ND might refer to this Venta, see the previous entry, together with Wild's rebuttal. TP's AD TAUM was long thought to refer to a distinct place, but G. H. Wheeler in EHR, XXXV (1920), 377-82, analysed it as Ad (Ven)ta (Icenor)um, the missing portions of this having been written on the lost first sheet of the map, and the remainder having been wrongly united when the surviving first sheet was copied; this reasoning bas been generally accepted.

DERIVATION. For Venta, see BANNAVENTA(1), and for discussion of the use here of Icinos, see ICENI. The sense is probably 'market of the Iceni'.

IDENTIFICATION. The Roman city at Caistor St Edmund, Norfolk (TG 2303), capital of the Iceni.

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* Eilert  Ekwall (1936-1980) : "Castre, C 1025 Wills; Castrum DB; Castre Sancti Eadmundi, 1254 Val. 

Caistor St Edmunds is held to be the Roman Venta Icenorum. The place belonged to Bury-St-Edmunds".

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* A.D Mills (1993) : "Castre, c. 1025; Castrum, 1086 DB. Castre Sancti Eadmundi, 1254. Affix from its early possession by the Abbey of Bury St Edmunds"

Sources : 

* Eilert EKWALL : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names. Clarendon Press. Oxford. 1936-1980.

* G.N GAMONSWAY : The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Everyman's Library. London. 1953-1972-1984

* Leo SHERLEY-PRICE : Bede. A history of the English Church and People. Penguin Books. 1955-1968-1974.

* ORDNANCE SURVEY : Map of Roman Britain. 1956.

* A.L.F RIVET & Colin SMITH : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. B.T Batsford Ltd. London. 1979-1982.

* A.D MILLS : Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford University Press. 1991-2003.

- envoi de **

* site communal : 

* autres sites : 

http://www.roman-britain.org/places/venta_icenorum.htm

http://www.thejoyofshards.co.uk/projects/roman/venta.shtml

http://www.sys.uea.ac.uk/Research/researchareas/JWMP/CaistorRomanTown/crtp1.html

* forums de discussion : 

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica