Encyclopédie Marikavel-Jean-Claude-EVEN/Encyclopaedia/Enciclopedia/Enzyklopädie/egkuklopaideia

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Noms de lieux Noms de personnes

Cymru - Wales

Bro-Gembre

 

 
Dyfed

Carmarthenshire

 

Carmarthen *** Caerfyrddin

Moridunum

 
page ouverte le 24 mai 2005 forum de discussion

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica 

dernière mise à jour 26/12/2011 11:25:01

Définition : forteresse romaine de l'île de Bretagne; aujourd'hui Carmarthen / Caerfyrddin, chef-lieu du Carmarthenshire en Pays de Galles; au fond de la ria de la Afon Tywi.

 

Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain. 

 

Extrait de la carte Bartholomew One Inch Map Series. Pembroke, n° 11 

Histoire; Archéologie.

* Wales Tourist Board (1976) : " Carmarten castle was an important residence of the princes of South Wales, and later of tne Norman insurgents, but only the gateway and tower remain. Part of the foundations of the Roman fort of Moridunum, uncovered by recent building work, may now be seen. Merlin's Oak in Priory street - when it falls 'so will fall Carmarthen Town' - is propped up with concrete - just to make sure !".

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* English, Wales and Scottish Tourist Board (1977) : "The tribal capital of the Demetae, it possibly started as the site of a Roman fort but became civilian under Hadrian's frontier re-organisation. Litle has yet been found except an amphitheatre on the northern environs of the modern town. (Open A). There is a large Roman display at the Carmarthen Museum at nearby Abergwili".

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Extrait de Wales Tourist Board. 1976

attaque menée conjointement (d'ouest en est) : Robert de Belesme, Robert Fitzhamon, Bernard de Neufmarche, Roger de Belesme

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Blason

 

Étymologie

* Rivet & Smith (1979) : 

SOURCES

- Ptolémée; II,3,12 : Maridounon ( = MARIDUNUM); variante Moridunon ( = MORIDUNUM); 

- Itinéraire d'Antonin, 482,9 (Iter XII) : MURIDONO

In these we have two conscious or unconscious assimilations : by Ptolemy to Latin 'mare' (though this could also be a kind of translation), and by AI to latin murus "wall" (as in one record of Moridunum). Haverfield conjectured MARI(D)VNO in a text of a milestone from Port Talbot, A.D 286-305 (RIB 2256); the Editor's note rejects this but leaves open the possibility that a recut texte may have mentioned the name in adjectival form, MARI(D)VRE(NSIS); but this must be rejected too, for the name has -dunum not -durum (they were by no means alternative), and Mori- not Mari- (the latter being no more than a Ptolemaic variation).  

IDENTIFICATION. The Roman city of Carmarthen (SN 4120), capital of the Civitas Demetarum and sited on the Afon Tywi at the head of tidal water. The modern name is is survival (Welsh Caerfyrddin)

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* A.D Mills (1991-2003) : Carmarthen (Caerfyrddin). Carm. Cair Mirdin 1130. 'Fort at Maridunum'. Welsh caer. The Roman town of Maridunum has a celtic name meaning 'fort by the sea' (British *mari- + *duno-).

Personnes connues Tud brudet
Le Roi Arthur

Roue Arzhur

Carmarthen dans la tradition arthurienne

* Lewis Thorpe (1966); page 338 : "Kaermerdin, later name of the town in which Merlin was discovered, 167 (Jesus Collège : kaer Vyrddin, so called because it had been founded by ten thousand (myrdd) men; = Carmarthen; cp. Tatlock, pp. 67-68"

 

Traduction anglaise de Lewis Thorpe : 

" Messengers were immediately sent out through the different parts of the country to find such a person if they could. They came to a town whiich was afterwards called Kaermerdin and there they saw some lads playing by the town gate. They went to look at the game. Tired by their journey, they sat down in a circle, still hoping to find what they were seeking. At last, when much of thec day had passed, a sudden quarrel broke out between two of the lads, whose naines were Merlin and Dinabutius. As they argued, Dinabutius said to Merlin: 'Why do you try to compete with me, fathead ? How can we two be equal in skill ? I myself am of royal blood on both sides of my family. As for you, nobody knows who you are, for you never had a father !' At this word the messengers looked up. They examined Merlin closely and asked the standers-by who he was. They were told that no one knew who his father had been, but that his mothcr was daughtcr of a king of Demetia and that she lived in that same town, in St Peter's Church, along with some nuns".

traduction française de Laurence Mathey-Maille : 

" Aussitôt, des messagers furent envoyés dans toutes les provinces du royaume à la recherche d'une telle créature. Ils arrivèrent finalement dans la ville que l'on appela Kaermerdin, où ils aperçurent de jeunes garçons jouant devant la porte. Ils s'approchèrent et, fatigués par le voyage, s'assirent en cercle avec l'intention d'être à l'affût de ce qu'ils cherchaient. Comme le jour était déjà bien avancé, une querelle s'éleva soudain entre deux garçons, nommés Merlin et Dinabut. Au cours de la dispute, Dinabut s'adressa ainsi à Merlin : « Pourquoi rivalises-tu avec moi, insensé ? Nous n'aurons jamais la même noble condition. Moi, je suis d'origine royale par mon père et ma mère. Quant à toi, on ignore qui tu es puisque tu n'as pas de père ». A ces mots, les messagers levèrent la tête et fixant attentivement Merlin, ils interrogèrent ceux qui étaient là au sujet de son identité. On leur répondit que personne ne connaissait son père ; quant à sa mère, elle était la fille du roi de Démétie et vivait dans cette même ville, au milieu de religieuses dans l'église de Saint-Pierre".

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Sources

- M.N BOUILLET : Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de géographie. Hachette. Paris. 1863.ouillet

* Henry LEWIS : Welsh Dictionary. Collins-Spurrell. London & Glasgow. 1960.

* Lewis THORPE : Geoffrey of Monmouth. The history of the kings of Britain. Penguin Books. 1966-1973.

* John BARTHOLOMEW & Son Ltd : Half Inch Map series. N° 11 : Pembroke. 

- Elwyn DAVIES : Rhestr o Enwau Lleoedd / A gazetteer of Welsh Place-names. Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru / Univeristy of Wales Press. Caerdydd / Cardiff. 1975.

- Wales Tourist Board : South Wales. 1976.

- English, Wales and Scottish Tourist Board : Discover Roman Britain. 1977. 

* A.L.F RIVET & C. SMITH : The Place-names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. London. 1982.

* A.D Mills : Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford University Press. 1991-2003

* Laurence MATHEY-MAILLE : Geoffroy de Monmouth. Histoire des rois de Bretagne. Belles Lettres. 1992.

- envois de : 

* Cyngor Sir Dyfed / Dyfed County Council. Caerfyrddin / Carmarthen. 05 Juillet 1982.

Liens électroniques des sites Internet traitant de Carmarthen / Caerfyrddin

- Site municipal officiel : 

- Autres sites privés : 

http://@wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmarthen

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica 

 

hast buan, ma mignonig vas vite, mon petit ami

go fast, my little friend

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