Histoire :

* M.N Bouillet : " Ces îles furent d'abord habitées par les Pictes, qui y conservèrent leur indépendance jusqu'au VIIIè siècle; elles tombèrent ensuite au pouvoir des danois et des Norvégiens, et furent soumises par Jacques V, roi d'Écosse, en 1536".

Étymologie :

A. Ebudae : selon A.L.F. Rivet & Colin Smith, p. 354 :

- Pline, Histoire nouvelle, IV,103 : HEBUDES.

- Ptolémée, II,2,10 : Aiboudai (AEBUDAE); ... variantes EBUDAS.

Above Ivernia lie islands which are called Aiboudai ( = AEBUDAE), five in number, of which the most westerly is called Aibouda (-=AEBUDA) ... the next towards the east likewise Aibouda (= AEBUDA) ; vars. in MS U : Eboudai ( = EBUDAE), Ebouda (= EBUDA)

---- I. 24, I (table) : per EBUDAS insulas

- Almagest, II,6,28 : Ebouwn (gen. EBUDARUM)

- Solinus, (Additamenta of later date) XXII,12 : EBUDES; ab EBUDIBUS (abl. pl.)

Marcian : a lacuna in his surviving text is filled by Stephanus of Byzantium : Aiboudai ( = AEBUDAE), avec un ethnique Aiboudaios ( = AEBUDAEUS).

The sources, despite appearances, agree about the form. Pliny's H- is decorative (it was silent in Latin). The forms with E- (rather than Ae-) seem to be the more correct, as Jackson explains in LHEB 34: 'In Ptolemy's time ai was still a diphthong, but soon after it became an open e, and so British e is often written ai, as in Aiboudai for 'Eboudai.'

DERIVATION. The correctness of Ebudae (in the sources, as above) is supported by Watson CPNS 38: he cites MacNeill, who thought the Ibdaig tribe of Ireland (earlier Tuath Iboth, Fir Iboth) represented an ancient *Ebudaci 'men of the Ebudae'; their modem Gaelic name — derived from British — is Ibdach. No etymology suggests itself within Celtic, and the name of both islands and tribe may well be pre-Celtic.

As mentioned under Aemodae, we cannot be entirely sure that the present Ebudae are not to be equated with them; but Ptolemy at least associates the present islands with Ireland, and the link with the Irish tribal name is a further indication that the present Ebudae are distinct from the Aemodae. Modem Hebrides derives from an English misreading of Solinus's Ebudes, and with reference to the two large groups of outlying islands, is a misapplication of the ancient name.

IDENTIFICATION. The Inner Hebrides excluding Skye but apparently including Rathling (Eicina ?) and perhaps Hintyre (Epidium, q.v.); see Chapter III, p. 114.

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Explication étymologique,  selon ces auteurs, reprenant les propos du chercheur Watson, citant lui-même MacNeill, qui pensait que   " la tribu Ibdaig d'Irlande (préalablement Tuath Iboth, Fir Iboth) représentaient un ancien *Ebudaci 'gens des Ebudae'; leur nom moderne en gaélique - dérivé du britonnique -est Ibdach. Aucune étymologie ne suggère une origine celtique, et le nom des îles aussi bien que celui de la tribu pourrait bien  entre pré-celtique".

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B. Hebrides : 

* A.D Mills : "Arg., Highland, W. Isles. Haebudes 77, Hebudes 300. Meaning uncertain. The roman name was Ebudae or Ebudes, ans the present name resulted from a misteading of the latter, with ri for u. The OScand. name was Suthreyar, 'southern islands', as being south of Orkney and Shetland. The Gaelic name is Innse Gall".

Sources : 

* M.N Bouillet : Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de géographie. Librairie L. Hachette et Cie. Paris. 1863.

* ALF RIVET & Colin SMITH : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. 1979.

* A.D MILLS : Oxford Dictionary of Brirish Place-Names. Oxford University Press. 1981 - 2003.

- envoi de **

Liens électroniques des sites Internet traitant des Petites Hébrides / Ebudae: 

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

hast buan, ma mignonig vas vite, mon petit ami

go fast, my little friend