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Noms de lieux

England

Bro Saoz

Essex

Bro Saoz ar Reter

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

Définition : station romaine de (G)Bretagne, au bord de la rivière Blackwater, entre Camulodunum / Colchester et Caesaromagus / Chelmsford : aujourd'hui Rivenhall en Kelvedon (Angleterre; Essex).

Histoire :

Étymologie.

A. Canonium

* Rivet & Smith, Place-names of Roman Britain : 

- Itinéraire d'Antonin, 480₅ (Iter IX) : CANONIO

- Table de Peutinger : CAUNONIO.

DERIVATION. Jackson explains the name in Britannia, I (1970), 70, as perhaps representing British *Canonion. This could be formed from *Canona with derivative suffix *-io-, this being in turn a river-name based on *cano- ' reed ' (Welsh cawn) plus the *-on(o) suffix (see BREMETENACUM). Hence 'place on thz reedy river'. The name thus has the set of suffixes *-on-io-n seen also in Cataractonium, Lemannonius Sinus, *Londonion (see LONDINIUM), Ravatonium (?) and possibly Viroconium. Canovium, with a different suffix, is comparable. Earlier in JRS, xxxviii (1948), 55, Jackson had suggested that TP's Caunonio 'might show an attempt to render what was possibly already the rather rounded pronunciation of British -a-; to emend to *Cannonio would imply a latinising pronunciation of the name. But *Cannonium might be merely a V.L. spelling for Canonium'. It should indeed be argued that Latin canna 'reed' with -nm- has influenced the spelling, naturally enough if the word for 'reed' were understood — correctly — to be involved; a copyist then misrepresented the first n as u, of which there are many examples in our sources.

IDENTIFICATION. The Roman settlement at Kelvedon, Essex (TL 8517), beside the river Blackwater.

>>> Signification : discutée et indécise. La racine proposée est le latin *canna = rouge (gallos cawn), tenant compte de dérivations locales.

JCE : que peut-on alors pense du nom de la rivière : Blackwater = rivière noire ? 

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B. Kelvedon.

* E. Ekwall : 

- Kelvedon : aet Cynlauedyne, 998 Crawf; Kyn(e)levedene, 1066 Th; Chelleudana, DB; Keuleveden, R I Cur : d'un nom anglais de femme : Cynelaf. 

- Rivenhall : Reuen-, Ruuenhala, 1068 EHR xi; Ruenhale, Ruuuenhala, Riuuehala, DB; Riuenhale, Riwahal, 1195 FF; Rewenhale, 1254 Val.

" This cannot well be OE (aet) ruwan heale 'the rough Halh', unless owing to Norman influence ù became Fr. ü. Possibly the first el. is a stream-name * Rywe 'the rough one', derived from ruh ' rough ". 

JC Even : dans ce cas, ne pourrait-on pas se rattacher à un racine *(Ph)Rw°t-n = gué, passage de rivière ? puisqu'il semble que ce toponyme soit  précisément lié à la présence d'une rivière au passage d'une voie romaine. Voir la ressemblance frappante entre Reuen- et les noms en Rouen.

Sources :

* Eilert EKWALL : The Concise Oxford Dictonary of English Place-names.

* A.L.F RIVET & C. SMITH : The place-names of roman Britain.

* A.C EDWARDS : A history of Essex.

* English Tourist Board : Mini-Guide Colchester.

* Les Dossiers de l'Archéologie : n° 37; septembre 1979 : Les Romains en Grande-Bretagne.

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