Encyclopédie Marikavel-Jean-Claude-EVEN/Encyclopaedia/Enciclopedia/Enzyklopädie/egkuklopaideia

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Noms de lieux

Noms de personnes

England

Bro-Saoz

Speen

Spinis

Berkshire

***

page ouverte le 19.12.2005 forum de discussion

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

dernière mise à jour 10/03/2010 13:12:42

Définition : ville d'Angleterre; comte de Berkshire.

 

Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

Histoire

Etymologie :

* Rivet & Smith, p 462 : 

- Itinéraire d'Antonin, 4856 (Iter XIII) : SPINIS

- Itinéraire d'Antonin, 4866 (Iter XIV) : SPINIS

DERIVATION. The name is Latin (singular spina) 'at the thorn-bushes', and seems to represent, surprisingly, an original Latin naming, presumably because it was a new road-station and not an existing native seulement. Spina enters into a number of Latin names in Gaul such as Epinay, Epineau. For the locative -is, see ANICETIS.

IDENTIFICATION. The presumed Roman settlement at Woodspeen, Berkshire (SU 4562) ; although the nucleus has not been found, Roman finds are plentiful in this area and, as explained on p. 176, the AI mileages indicate that it lay here, west of the modem village of Speen.
Note. The name survives in that of modem Speen and Woodspeen. Both Ekwall and Jackson comment that there must h
ave been interference in the development of the name (recorded as Spene in 821, etc.). Jackson in Britannia, I (1970), 79, objects to Ekwall's indications of possible Celtic words which could so have interfered, and suggests that a Primitive Welsh *spîn (equivalent to the Latin name and spoken in the area after Roman times) was related by folk-etymology to Anglo-Saxon spene 'chips, shingles'. Gelling (1978) 58 has a similar argument. Certainly the place cannot have been important enough for written tradition in Latin to have had any effect, e.g. in reviving the Latin name by antiquarian or ecclesiastical interest.

(>>> du latin Spina = buisson d'épine). 

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Obervation JCE : noter que le buisson d'épine est une figure totémique de Cybèle, la Mère de Rome. Dès lors que l'on fait référence à l'épine, il est important de savoir si cela peut correspondre à une donnée locale. Sinon, il y a lieu d'évoquer l'idée de mettre ce lieu sous la protection de la déesse mère.

Sources :

* Eilert Ekwall : The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English place-names. Clarendon Press. Fourth edition, 1980.

* Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

* ALF Rivet & Colin Smith : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. London. 1979.

* forum du site Marikavel : Academia Celtica

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