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Extrait de la carte Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

A. Ardotalia : selon Rivet & Smith, The Place-Names of roman Britain, p 256.

- Ravenna 106₅₈ : ZERDOTALIA.

DERIVATION : Since Zer- is impossible in British and Latin, the name must be corrupt. R&C suggest a scribal contamination with the end of a previous name in Ravenna, Aquis Arnemeza, which at an earlier, more correct stage probably had -ze (a Vulgar Latin development of -tie, genitive); hence *Ardotalia is a well-reasoned supposition. We follow R&C's suggestions about the two elements. The first is British *ardu- 'high' or 'height', from which comes Welsh ardd 'height' (as in Penn-ardd), and with which Irish ard ' high' and Latin arduus are cognate. The second is the British word from which Welsh tal 'brow, edge, end' is derived; hence a meaning 'high brow' or 'brow-height' for the whole name. Parallels for the first element exist : possibly the next name, Ardua, if it really is an independent item; very probably Portus Ardaoni; per-haps the 'Ardwtion (= Ardotium) of Ptolemy II, 16, 6, in Illyricum; Adrobriga if for *Ardobriga of Mela III, I, 13 (N. Spain); and most notably Arduenna, Ardenna > Ardennes, in which the root seems to have evolved from 'height' > ' wooded height' > ' wood' (cf. Spanish monte). See Holder I. 186, Vincent 232.

IDENTIFICATION. The Roman fort of Melandra Castle, Glossop, Derbyshire (SK 0095); as R&C point out, this suits both the position of the name in the list and the description of the site 'on the edge of the brow'.

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Selon ces auteurs, Zer- est un cas impossible aussi bien en britonnique qu'en latin. Des comparaisons avec d'autres erreurs du même type leur permet d'affirmer que le nom est basé sur Ar-dotalia.

Explication étymologique : celtique *ardu- = haut, hauteur + (idem au gallois) *tal- = butte, colline.

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B. Melandra Castel : en attente. 

* Ordnance Survey : Map of Roman Britain.

* ALF RIVET & Colin SMITH : The Place-Names of Roman Britain. Batsford Ltd. London. 1979.

* A.D MILLS : Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford University Press. 1991 - 2003.

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